Revision of Palaearctic species of the genus Gymnetron (Insecta, Coleoptera: Curculionidae).

The Palaearctic species of the weevil genus Gymnetron Schoenherr, 1825 are treated systematically. Thirty-two species are recognized: G. auliense Reitter, 1907 is considered as a distinct species (new rank) and not a variety of G. melinum Reitter, 1872. The following new synonymies are proposed: G. niloticum Kirsch, 1881 (= G.,furcatum Desbrochers, 1893 syn. n.), G. semirubrum Pic, 1899 (= G. semirubrum rubrofemoratum Pic, 1899 syn. n.), G. rostellum (Herbst, 1795) (= G. rostellum africanum Normand, 1937 syn. n.), G. miyoshii Miyoshi, 1922 (= G. villosulum orientale Voss, 1955 syn. n.). The neotype of Curculio beccabungae Linnaeus, 1761 and the following lectotypes are designated: Cionus melanarius Germar, 1821; C. stimulosus Germar, 1821; C. veronicae Germar, 1821; Curculio rostellum Herbst, 1795; Gymnetron aequale Reitter, 1907; G. anagallis Marshall, 1933; G. aper Desbrochers, 1893; G. concinnum Gyllenhal, 1838; G. desbochersi Reitter, 1907; G. foveolatum Hustache, 1927; G. furcatum Desbrochers, 1893; G. jucundum Desbrochers, 1898; G. linkei Reitter, 1907; G. melinum Reitter, 1872; G. melinum auliense Reitter, 1907; G. miyoshii Miyoshi, 1922; G. nigritarse Desbrochers, 1893; G. niloticum Kirsch, 1881; G. obsequens Faust, 1894; G. pseudomelanarium Reitter, 1907; G. rotundicolle Gyllenhal, 1838; G. semirubrum Pic, 1899; G. semirubrum rubrofemoratum Pic, 1899; G. squamicolle Reitter, 1907; G. tibiellum Desbrochers, 1899; G. villosipenne Roelofs, 1875; G. villosulum Gyllenhal, 1838; G. vittipenne Marseul, 1876. On the basis of a phylogenetic analysis the species are assigned to nine groups and a cladogram depicting their hypothetical relationships is proposed. A key to species, diagnoses of species groups, redescriptions, synonymies, notes on type specimens, comparative notes, distribution, bionomics when available, photographs of habitus and drawings of rostra, genitalia and other useful characters for taxonomy are provided.