@article {13151,
	title = {The age and phylogeny of wood boring weevils and the origin of subsociality},
	journal = {Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution},
	volume = {59},
	number = {3},
	year = {2011},
	month = {Jun},
	pages = {708-724},
	abstract = {A large proportion of the hyperdiverse weevils are wood boring and many of these taxa have subsocial family structures. The origin and relationship between certain wood boring weevil taxa has been problematic to solve and hypotheses on their phylogenies change substantially between different studies. We aimed at testing the phylogenetic position and monophyly of the most prominent wood boring taxa Scolytinae, Platypodinae and Cossoninae, including a range of weevil outgroups with either the herbivorous or wood boring habit. Many putatively intergrading taxa were included in a broad phylogenetic analysis for the first time in this study, such as Schedlarius, Mecopelmus, Coptonotus, Dactylipalpus, Coptocorynus and allied Araucariini taxa, Dobionus, Psepholax, Amorphocerus-Porthetes, and some peculiar wood boring Conoderini with bark beetle behaviour. Data analyses were based on 128 morphological characters, rDNA nucleotides from the D2-D3 segment of 28S, and nucleotides and amino acids from the protein encoding gene fragments of CAD, ArgK, EF-1[alpha] and COI. Although the results varied for some of the groups between various data sets and analyses, one may conclude the following from this study: Scolytinae and Platypodinae are likely sister lineages most closely related to Coptonotus; Cossoninae is monophyletic (including Araucariini) and more distantly related to Scolytinae; Amorphocerini is not part of Cossoninae and Psepholax may belong to Cryptorhynchini. Likelihood estimation of ancestral state reconstruction of subsociality indicated five or six origins as a conservative estimate. Overall the phylogenetic results were quite dependent on morphological data and we conclude that more genetic loci must be sampled to improve phylogenetic resolution. However, some results such as the derived position of Scolytinae were consistent between morphological and molecular data. A revised time estimation of the origin of Curculionidae and various subfamily groups were made using the recently updated fossil age of Scolytinae (100 Ma), which had a significant influence on node age estimates. [copyright] 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {Amorphocerus, Araucariini, Conoderini, Coptocorynus, Coptonotus, Dactylipalpus, Dobionus, Mecopelmus, Porthetes, Psepholax, Schedlarius},
	isbn = {1055-7903},
	author = {Jordal, Bjarte H. and Sequeira, Andrea S. and Cognato, Anthony I.}
}
@article {13138,
	title = {Secondary structure alignment and direct optimization of 28S rDNA sequences provide limited phylogenetic resolution in bark and ambrosia beetles (Curculionidae: Scolytinae)},
	journal = {Zoologica Scripta},
	volume = {37},
	number = {1},
	year = {2008},
	month = {January},
	pages = {43-56},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Phylogenetic relationships in Scolytinae were reconstructed from 107 DNA sequences that spanned the D2 and D3 expansion segments, and related core regions of the nuclear large ribosomal subunit (28S). Sequences were analysed by parsimony and Bayesian analyses of aligned sequences aided by a new secondary structure model for the D2-D3 domains. Direct optimization was performed on ambiguous alignment regions in combination with fixed states optimization of unambiguous regions, but performed poorly compared to the Bayesian and parsimony analyses. Generally, the phylogenetic signal mainly resolved relationships within tribes, while deeper divergences were either not resolved or received marginal support. In addition to confirming several previously established clades, we found that Micracini formed the sister group to Cactopinus, a group of mainly cactus feeding scolytine beetles. Furthermore, Ipini was monophyletic with Pseudips and Acanthotomicus subtending to the most basal node of that Glade. The monophyly of Corthylini, which consists of the bark and cone feeding Pityophtorina and the ambrosia fungus-feeding Corthylina, was supported in some of the analyses. A close relationship was found between Phloeotribus and the two Phloeosinini genera Chramesus and Pseudochramesus, suggesting an evolutionary trajectory for the origin of a lamellate antennal club in Phloeotribus.},
	keywords = {Acanthotomicus, Cactopinus, Chramesus, Corthylina, Corthylini, Ipini, Micracini, Phloeosinini, Phloeotribus, Pityophtorina, Pseudips, Pseudochramesus, Scolytinae},
	isbn = {0300-3256},
	author = {Jordal, Bjarte and Gillespie, Joseph J. and Cognato, Anthony I.}
}
@article {12659,
	title = {Low beta diversity of ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae) in lowland rainforests of Papua New Guinea},
	journal = {Oikos},
	volume = {117},
	number = {2},
	year = {2008},
	month = {February},
	pages = {214-222},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {We assessed the effect of geographical distance on insect species turnover in a situation where other major environmental factors, including host plant species, altitude, and climate, were constant. We sampled ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera, Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae) from four tree species: Artocarpus altilis, Ficus nodosa, Leea indica and Nauclea orientalis, at three sites forming a 1000 km transect in lowland rainforests of northern Papua New Guinea. A standardized volume of wood from trunk, branches and twigs was sampled for ambrosia beetles from three individuals of the four tree species at each site. Each tree was killed standing and left exposed to beetle colonization for 20 days prior to sampling. We obtained 12 751 individuals from 84 morphospecies of ambrosia beetles. We surveyed most of the local species richness at each site, predicted by Chao 2 species richness estimates. The similarity of ambrosia beetle communities, estimated by Chao-Sorensen index, was not correlated with their geographical distance. Likelihood analysis and Q-mode analysis using Monte Carlo-generated null distribution of beetles among sites supported the hypothesis that the assemblages of ambrosia beetles at different sites are drawn from the same species pool, regardless of their geographical distance. Tree part (trunk, branch, or twig) was more important predictor of the composition of ambrosia beetle communities than was the host species or geographical location. All three variables, however, explained only a small portion of variability in ambrosia assemblages. The distribution of ambrosia beetles among tree parts, tree species and study sites was mostly random, suggesting limited importance of host specificity or dispersal limitation.},
	keywords = {Platypodinae, Scolytinae},
	isbn = {0030-1299},
	author = {Hulcr, Jiri and Novotny, Vojtech and Maurer, Brian A. and Cognato, Anthony I.}
}
@article {12624,
	title = {REPEATED EVOLUTION OF CROP THEFT IN FUNGUS-FARMING AMBROSIA BEETLES},
	journal = {Evolution},
	volume = {64},
	number = {11},
	year = {2010},
	month = {Nov},
	pages = {3205-3212},
	abstract = {Ambrosia beetles, dominant wood degraders in the tropics, create tunnels in dead trees and employ gardens of symbiotic fungi to extract nutrients from wood. Specificity of the beetle-fungus relationship has rarely been examined, and simple vertical transmission of a specific fungal cultivar by each beetle species is often assumed in literature. We report repeated evolution of fungal crop stealing, termed mycocleptism, among ambrosia beetles. The mycocleptic species seek brood galleries of other species, and exploit their established fungal gardens by tunneling through the ambient mycelium-laden wood. Instead of carrying their own fungal sybmbionts, mycocleptae depend on adopting the fungal assemblages of their host species, as shown by an analysis of fungal DNA from beetle galleries. The evidence for widespread horizontal exchange of fungi between beetles challenges the traditional concept of ambrosia fungi as species-specific symbionts. Fungus stealing appears to be an evolutionarily successful strategy. It evolved independently in several beetle clades, two of which have radiated, and at least one case was accompanied by a loss of the beetles{\textquoteright} fungus-transporting organs. We demonstrate this using the first robust phylogeny of one of the world{\textquoteright}s largest group of ambrosia beetles, Xyleborini.},
	keywords = {Xyleborini},
	isbn = {0014-3820},
	author = {Hulcr, Jiri and Cognato, Anthony I.}
}
@article {12625,
	title = {Cladistic review of generic taxonomic characters in Xyleborina (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae)},
	journal = {Systematic Entomology},
	volume = {32},
	number = {3},
	year = {2007},
	month = {July},
	pages = {568-584},
	abstract = {A cladistic analysis of morphological characters of the subtribe Xyleborina (Curculionidae, Scolytinae) is presented. An examination of individual characters revealed little phylogenetic information in many characters currently used for delimiting genera. Phylogenetically stable characters were used for the evaluation of the contemporary generic concept. The following genera have been recovered as monophyletic: Cnestus, Dryocoetoides, Eccoptopterus, Xylosandrus, Schedlia, Sampsonius and Taurodemus. The following genera have been found to be polyphyletic: Amasa, Ambrosiodmus, Arixyleborus, Coptoborus, Coptodryas, Cryptoxyleborus, Cyclorhipidion, Euwallacea, Leptoxyleborus, Taphrodasus, Theoborus, Webbia, Xyleborinus and Xyleborus. The analysis permitted the resurrection of four genera: Anisandrus, Microperus, Pseudowebbia and Streptocranus. A number of new combinations at specific level are given: Anisandrus cornutus (Schaufuss, 1891), A. dispar (Fabricius, 1792), A. eggersi (Beeson, 1930), A. improbus (Sampson, 1913), A. longidens (Eggers, 1930), A. maiche Stark, 1936, A. obesus (LeConte, 1868), A. sayi Hopkins, 1915, A. apicalis (Blandford, 1894), A. hirtus (Hagedorn, 1904), Microperus myristicae (Schedl, 1939), M. eucalypticus (Schedl, 1938), M. huangi (Browne, 1983), M. intermedius (Eggers, 1923), M. kadoyamaensis (Murayama, 1934), Pseudowebbia armifer (Schedl, 1942), P. seriata Browne, 1963, P. squamatilis (Schedl, 1955), P. trepanicauda (Eggers, 1923), P. curvatus (Browne, 1986), Streptocranus bicolor Browne, 1949, S. bicuspis (Eggers, 1940), S. capucinulus (Schedl, 1942), S. forficatus (Schedl, 1957), S. fragilis Browne, 1949, S. longicauda Browne, 1960, S. longispinis Browne, 1986, S. mirabilis Schedl, 1939, S. usagaricus (Eggers, 1922), S. sexdentatus (Eggers, 1940). The characters most useful for generic-level taxonomy of Xyleborina were identified and their states refined and illustrated. An accompanying illustrated multiple-entry electronic key for the updated xyleborine classification has been published on-line at www.scolytid.msu.edu.},
	keywords = {Amasa, Ambrosiodmus, Anisandrus, Anisandrus  dispar, Anisandrus apicalis, Anisandrus eggersi, Anisandrus hirtus, Anisandrus improbus, Anisandrus longidens, Anisandrus maiche, Anisandrus obesus, Anisandrus sayi, Arixyleborus, Cnestus, Coptoborus, Coptodryas, Cryptoxyleborus, Cyclorhipidion, Dryocoetoides, Eccoptopterus, Euwallacea, Leptoxyleborus, Microperus, Microperus eucalypticus, Microperus huangi, Microperus intermedius, Microperus kadoyamaensis, Microperus myristicae, Pseudowebbia, Pseudowebbia armifer, Pseudowebbia curvatus, Pseudowebbia seriata, Pseudowebbia squamatilis, Pseudowebbia trepanicauda, Sampsonius, Schedlia, Streptocranus, Streptocranus bicolor, Streptocranus bicuspis, Streptocranus capucinulus, Streptocranus forficatus, Streptocranus fragilis, Streptocranus longicauda, Streptocranus longispinis, Streptocranus mirabilis, Streptocranus sexdentatus, Streptocranus usagaricus, Taphrodasus, Taurodemus, Theoborus, Webbia, Xyleborina, Xyleborinus, Xyleborus, Xylosandrus},
	isbn = {0307-6970},
	author = {Hulcr, Jiri and Dole, Stephanie A. and Beaver, Roger A. and Cognato, Anthony I.}
}
@article {11903,
	title = {DNA Identification Confirms Pecan Weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Infestation of Carpathian Walnut},
	journal = {Journal of Economic Entomology},
	volume = {103},
	number = {4},
	year = {2010},
	month = {Aug},
	pages = {1312-1314},
	abstract = {Larvae found infesting fruit from a Carpathian walnut, Juglans regia L., tree in Missouri were confirmed by DNA analysis to be those of pecan weevil, Curculio caryae (Horn) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). The infested walnut tree occurs in the midst of pecan weevil-infested pecans, Carya illinoinensis (Wang.) K. Koch; the larval haplotypes were found to be identical to pecan weevil larvae from the region, indicating that the walnut infestation arose by association with infested pecan. This is the first confirmed DNA analysis showing pecan weevil attacks J. regia and the second report that J. regia may be at risk of infestation by pecan weevil. Further study indicates this infestation on walnut is established and ongoing. The pecan weevil is a key pest of pecan and seems capable of inflicting similar damage to walnut if spread to commercial areas that produce J. regia.},
	keywords = {Curculio caryae},
	isbn = {0022-0493},
	author = {Harris, Marvin K. and Hunt, Kenneth L. and Cognato, Anthony I.}
}
@article {11086,
	title = {Species Composition, Seasonal Activity, and Semiochemical Response of Native and Exotic Bark and Ambrosia Beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) in Northeastern Ohio},
	journal = {Journal of Economic Entomology},
	volume = {103},
	number = {4},
	year = {2010},
	month = {Aug},
	pages = {1187-1195},
	abstract = {In 2007, we surveyed the alien and endemic scolytine (bark and ambrosia beetles) fauna of northeastern Ohio, and for the most abundant species, we characterized their seasonal activity and response to three semiochemical baits. In total,5,339 scolytine beetles represented by 47 species and 29 genera were caught in Lindgren funnel traps. Three species constituted 57\% of the total catch, including Xylosandrus germanus (Blandford), Tomicus piniperda (L.), and Dryocoetes autographus (Ratzeburg). Of the total captured, 32\% of the species and [approximately equal]60\% of the individuals were exotic, suggesting that exotic species numerically dominate the scolytine fauna in some urban areas. More native and exotic species were caught in traps baited with ethanol alone than in traps baited with other lures. However, significantly more individuals, especially of T. piniperda, D. autographus, Gnathotrichus materiarius (Fitch), and Ips grandicollis (Eichhoff), and species were caught in traps baited with ethanol plus a-pinene than in traps baited with ethanol alone or the exotic Ips lure. This suggests that among these baits, the ethanol plus a-pinene baits may be useful in maximizing scolytine beetle catches of these species within this region. Species diversity and richness for both native and exotic beetles was greatest in traps baited with ethanol alone. The period of peak trap capture varied depending upon species: X. germanus was most abundant in traps in mid-May and early-August; T. pin iperda in mid-May; D. autographus in early June, mid-July, and mid-September; Anisandrus sayi Hopkins and C. materiarius in mid-May, mid-July, and early September; and I. grandicollis in early April, mid-July, and late September.},
	keywords = {Dryocoetes autographus, Tomicus piniperda, Xylosandrus germanus},
	isbn = {0022-0493},
	author = {Gandhi, Kamal J. K. and Cognato, Anthony I. and Lightle, Danielle M. and Mosley, Bryson J. and Nielsen, David G. and Herms, Daniel A.}
}
@article {10989,
	title = {FIRST REPORT OF AMASA TRUNCATA (ERICHSON) (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE: SCOLYTINAE) IN BRAZIL},
	journal = {Coleopterists Bulletin},
	volume = {65},
	number = {4},
	year = {2011},
	month = {Dec},
	pages = {417-421},
	isbn = {0010-065X},
	author = {Flechtmann, Carlos A. H. and Cognato, Anthony I.}
}
@article {10743,
	title = {Polyphyly of Xylosandrus Reitter inferred from nuclear and mitochondrial genes (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae)},
	journal = {Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution},
	volume = {54},
	number = {3},
	year = {2010},
	month = {March},
	pages = {773-782},
	abstract = {The Xyleborina ambrosia beetle genus Xylosandrus contains 54 species, several of which are of economic importance. The monophyly of the genus was tested using a data set comprised of multiple gene loci: 28S rDNA; the mitochondrial gene cytochrome oxidase 1[alpha] (CO1); and the nuclear genes arginine kinase (ArgK), rudimentary (CAD), and Elongation Factor 1[alpha] (EF-1[alpha]). The nuclear protem-coding genes CAD and ArgK were used for the first time in phylogenetics of Scolytinae. Analyses were performed using Parsimony and Bayesian optimality criteria. Our analyses included 43 specimens representing 15 Xylosandrus species and 20 species from Amasa, Anisandrus, Cnestuts, Euwallacea and Xyleborus, and two species from the out-group genus Coccotrypes. All analyses recovered a polyphyletic Xylosandrus. Several species of Xylosandrus were consistently placed in clades with the genera Anisandrus and Cnestus with high Support values (100\% bootstrap support). Among these, was the economically important invasive species X. mutilatus, which was consistently recovered as part of the "Criestus" clade. In our analyses, both CAD and ArgK demonstrated phylogenetic utility across varying nodal depths. Despite the selection of genes with signals at complementary phylogenetic depths, the data set used herein did not resolve the phylogeny of Xylosandrus and related genera. Since the taxon sample available for molecular work represents only a fraction of Xylosandrus species, a complete revision that combines molecular and morphological data in a total evidence approach is recommended for the genus. [copyright] 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {Amasa, Anisandrus, Cnestus, Euwallaeea, Xylosandrus},
	isbn = {1055-7903},
	author = {Dole, Stephanie A. and Jordal, Bjarte H. and Cognato, Anthony I.}
}
@article {10738,
	title = {A new genus and species of Bothrosternina (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) from Ecuador},
	journal = {Coleopterists Bulletin},
	volume = {61},
	number = {2},
	year = {2007},
	month = {June},
	pages = {318-325},
	abstract = {Akrobothrus ecuadoriensis, new genus and species of bark beetle (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae: Bothrosternina) is described from the Ecuadorian Amazon. Its highly unusual elytral morphology, with a distinct depression around the scutellum, distinguishes it from all known species within the subtribe. In the male specimen, this depression results in a large spade-shaped scutellum that extends out over the elytral suture. Akrobothrus can be separated from other genera of Bothrosternina by a unique combination of characters. The antennal club is elongate and parallel-sided with 3 segments divided by procurved and recurved sutures. The lateral margins of the pronotum are costate and the prothroracic intercoxal piece has a transverse subcarinate ridge.},
	keywords = {Akrobothrus ecuadoriensis},
	isbn = {0010-065X},
	author = {Dole, Stephanie A. and Cognato, Anthony I.}
}
@article {10740,
	title = {Phylogenetic revision of Xylosandrus Reitter (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae: Xyleborina)},
	journal = {Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences},
	volume = {61},
	number = {7-18},
	year = {2010},
	month = {September 15},
	pages = {451-545},
	abstract = {A phylogenetic revision of the xyleborine genus Xylosandrus Reitter based on morphological and molecular data sets is presented. The monophyly of the genus was tested using a 43 character morphological data set analyzed separately and in combination with a molecular data set comprised of five independent gene loci: 28S rDNA; the mitochondrial gene cytochrome oxidase I (COI); and the nuclear protein-coding genes arginine kinase (ArgK), CAD (rudimentary), and elongation factor 1-[alpha] (EF-l[alpha]). Xylosandrus was recovered as polyphyletic with the present classification containing species from four other genera: Amasa Lea, Anisandrus Ferrari, Cnestus Sampson, Euwallaeea Hopkins, as well as Xylosandrus. A taxonomic revision of Xylosandrus is presented based on these results. The following new combinations are given: Amasa cylindrotomicus (Schedl), A. omissus (Schedl), A. oralis (Schedl), Anisandrus butamali (Beeson), A. ursa (Eggers), A. ursinus (Hagedorn), A. ursulus (Eggers), Cnestus ater (Eggers), C. fijianus (Schedl), C. gravidus (Blandford), C. improcerus (Sampson), C. laticeps (Wood), C. mutilatus (Blandford), C. orbiculatus (Schedl), C. peruanus (Wood), C. retifer (Wood), C. retusus (Eichhoff), C. testudo (Eggers), Cyclorhipidion squamulatum (Beaver and Loyttyniemi) all listed in Xylosandrus by Wood and Bright (1992); Xylosandrus amputatus (Blandford) and X. mixtus (Schedl) are transferred from Amasa, X. russulus (Schedel) from Euwallacea, and X. rotundicollis (Browne) from Xyleborus Eichhoff. Two new species of Xylosandrus are described: X. borneensis and X. hulcri. An illustrated key to species of Xylosandrus worldwide is provided.},
	keywords = {Amasa, Anisandrus, Cnestus, Euwallaeea, Xylosandrus},
	isbn = {0068-547X},
	author = {Dole, Stephanie A. and Cognato, Anthony I.}
}
@article {10082,
	title = {DNA based cladograms augment the discovery of a new Ips species from China (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae)},
	journal = {Cladistics},
	volume = {23},
	number = {6},
	year = {2007},
	month = {December},
	pages = {539-551},
	abstract = {The implementation of DNA in taxonomic study is in its infancy because the association of the amount and type of nucleotide change with species boundaries has not been fully examined for most taxa. Mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) nucleotide data is currently the most popular molecular marker for delimiting species boundaries and a standard pair-wise nucleotide divergence between groups of individuals has been suggested for the recognition of new species. It is unlikely that such a standard would be applicable across animal species, but the association of the amount and type of nucleotide change with species boundaries could help with the establishment of a taxon-specific DNA taxonomy. This study utilizes DNA data from nuclear and mitochondrial genes to improve the taxonomy of an important forest beetle pest, Ips. Amount and type of nucleotide difference are associated with monophyletic species based on a cladistic analysis of these data. As a result, a new species from China is described for a clade of beetles whose nucleotide differences exceeded the amount of evolutionary change observed within currently recognized species. The COI data are analyzed independently with an expanded taxon data set, including pair-wise nucleotide differences between recognized sister species. The wide range of average intraspecific pair-wise nucleotide difference (0-10.0\%) suggests limitations to the application of a standard percent nucleotide difference as a means to identify species boundaries. At most, average COI nucleotide intraspecific difference provides an informal guide to identify potential clades that may warrant further systematic investigation. (C) The Willi Hennig Society 2007},
	isbn = {0748-3007},
	author = {Cognato, Anthony I. and Sun, Jiang Hua}
}
@article {10075,
	title = {Phylogeny of haplo-diploid, fungus-growing ambrosia beetles (Curculionidae: Scolytinae: Xyleborini) inferred from molecular and morphological data},
	journal = {Zoologica Scripta},
	volume = {40},
	number = {2},
	year = {2011},
	month = {March},
	pages = {174-186},
	abstract = {The ambrosia beetle tribe Xyleborini currently contains 30 genera and approximately 1200 species which are distributed throughout worldwide forests with most diversity located in the tropics. They also represent the most invasive scolytines in North America. Despite economic concerns and biological curiosity with this group, a comprehensive understanding of generic boundaries and the evolutionary relationship among species is lacking. In this study, we include 155 xyleborine species representing 23 genera in parsimony and Bayesian analyses using 3925 nucleotides from mitochondrial (COI) and nuclear genomes (28S, ArgK, CAD, EF-1a) and 39 morphological characters. The phylogenies resulting from the parsimony analyses, which treated gap positions either as missing or fifth character states, and the Bayesian analysis were generally similar. Clades with high support or posterior probabilities were found in all trees, while those with low support were not recovered by all analyses. Fourteen of the 23 genera were monophyletic although not all relationships among the genera were resolved. We show monophyly of several species groups associated with particular morphological and biological characters and suggest recognition of these groups as genera. Most interesting was the monophyly of South and Central American species representing several genera. This finding suggests recent and fast radiation of xyleborines in the New World accompanied by morphological and biological diversification.},
	keywords = {Xyleborini},
	isbn = {0300-3256},
	author = {Cognato, Anthony I. and Hulcr, Jiri and Dole, Stephanie A. and Jordal, Bjarte H.}
}
@article {10076,
	title = {AN ASIAN AMBROSIA BEETLE, XYLOSANDRUS AMPUTATUS (BLANDFORD) (CURCULIONIDAE: SCOLYTINAE: XYLEBORINI), DISCOVERED IN FLORIDA, USA},
	journal = {Coleopterists Bulletin},
	volume = {65},
	number = {1},
	year = {2011},
	month = {Mar},
	pages = {43-45},
	isbn = {0010-065X},
	author = {Cognato, Anthony I. and Olson, Rachel O. and Rabaglia, Robert J.}
}
@article {10077,
	title = {New exotic ambrosia beetles found in Hawaii (Curculionidae: Scolytinae: Xyleborina)},
	journal = {Coleopterists Bulletin},
	volume = {62},
	number = {3},
	year = {2008},
	month = {September},
	pages = {421-424},
	type = {Article},
	keywords = {Xyleborina, Xyleborinus andrewesi, Xylosandrus germanus, Xylosandrus morigerus},
	isbn = {0010-065X},
	author = {Cognato, Anthony I. and Rubinoff, Daniel}
}
@article {10074,
	title = {100 million years of morphological conservation in bark beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae)},
	journal = {Systematic Entomology},
	volume = {34},
	number = {1},
	year = {2009},
	month = {January},
	pages = {93-100},
	abstract = {Scolytine weevils (bark and ambrosia beetles) have a unique ecological significance in forest ecosystems, which equates to major effects on landscape ecology and to monetary losses. Fossilized galleries of scolytines have been reported in Late Mesozoic wood, but here we describe a well-preserved body fossil from the Cretaceous, c. 100 Ma, preserved in amber from northern Myanmar. Moreover, the specimen is remarkably similar to Recent species of the genus Microborus, revealing stasis unexpected within scolytines and thus highlighting the antiquity of the group. Stratigraphic dating and comparison of insect palaeofaunas included in other well-dated ambers from multiple sites support the age estimate of the Burmese amber. A minimum age for one clade of scolytines is thus established, indicating an early divergence of scolytines from other weevils in the Late Jurassic or Early Cretaceous and challenging the current perspective of weevil evolution.},
	keywords = {Scolytinae},
	isbn = {0307-6970},
	author = {Cognato, Anthony I. and Grimaldi, David}
}
@article {10072,
	title = {A review of Dendroctonus frontalis Zimmermann systematics},
	journal = {U S Forest Service General Technical Report SRS},
	volume = {140},
	year = {2011},
	month = {2011},
	pages = {7-12},
	abstract = {The systematic history of the southern pine beetle, Dendroctonus frontolis Zimmermann, is reviewed. Morphological, biological, karyological, and molecular data clearly define and diagnose the species limits of D. frontalis. More complete phylogenetic analysis and characterization of population genetic variation will taxonomy further clarify the evolutionary history of the D. frontalis.},
	author = {Cognato, Anthony I.}
}
@article {10073,
	title = {The Native and Introduced Bark and Ambrosia Beetles of Michigan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae)},
	journal = {Great Lakes Entomologist},
	volume = {42},
	number = {3-4},
	year = {2009},
	month = {Fall},
	pages = {101-120},
	abstract = {Our knowledge of the biogeography of Scolytinae of eastern temperate North America is very patchy. We used data from hand collecting, trapped material (from 65 of 83 counties), and museum collections, supplemented by literature records, to compile a list comprising 107 bark beetle species in 45 genera for Michigan, a state with an especially rich diversity of woody plants. We provide detailed collection data documenting 32 species not previously catalogued for Michigan, 23 of which are new state records; the genera Trypophloeus and Trischidias are reported from Michigan for the first time. Fifteen Michigan scolytines are not native to North America; Ambrosiodmus rubricollis (Eichhoff), Crypturgus pusillus (Gyllenhal), Euwallacea validus (Eichhoff), Xyleborus californicus Wood, Xylosandrus crassiusculus (Motschulsky) have not previously been found in the state. We report Michigan hosts for 67 species, including 49 new host associations for the 93 native species. Despite identifying over 4000 specimens for this study, we fully expect to find many more species: over 30 additional species occur in the Great Lakes region.},
	isbn = {0090-0222},
	author = {Cognato, Anthony I. and Barc, Nicolas and Philip, Michael and Mech, Roger and Smith, Aaron D. and Galbraith, Eric and Storer, Andrew J. and Kirkendall, Lawrence R.}
}
@article {10070,
	title = {A new species of Orthotomicus Ferrari 1867 (Curculionidae: Scolytinae: Ipini) from Thailand},
	journal = {Coleopterists Bulletin},
	volume = {62},
	number = {4},
	year = {2008},
	month = {December},
	pages = {496-499},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Orthotomicus chaokhao new, species is described front Northern Thailand. It is morphologically similar to O. angulatus Eichhoff, 1878 but can be distinguished by the presence of a spine located on the face of declivity near the apex of the declivity and also by straight posterior margin of elytra in both sexes.},
	keywords = {Orthotomicus chaokhao},
	isbn = {0010-065X},
	author = {Cognato, Anthony I.}
}
@article {6018,
	title = {Aggregation pheromone of the Oriental spruce engraver Pseudips orientalis},
	journal = {Agricultural and Forest Entomology},
	volume = {13},
	number = {1},
	year = {2011},
	month = {February},
	pages = {67-75},
	abstract = {Volatiles from the hindgut extracts of males of the Oriental spruce engraver Pseudips orientalis (Wood \& Yin) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae) of different phases of gallery development were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-flame ionization detection (GC-MS/FID) with both polar and enantioselective columns. GC-MS/FID analyses showed that unmated males or males mated with one female produced approximately 95\%-(-)-ipsenol and (-)-cis-verbenol as major components, as well as (-)-trans-verbenol, myrtenol, approximately 70\%-(+)-ipsdienol and (-)-verbenone as minor or trace components. The release of these male-produced compounds was confirmed by GC analysis of an aeration sample of a P. orientalis-infested spruce log. Mating reduced production of the male-specific hindgut volatiles. A field-trapping bioassay in Qinghai, China, showed that a ternary blend containing two major components, 97\%-(-)-ipsenol (i.e. close to naturally produced enantiomeric ratio) and (-)-cis-verbenol, plus a minor component (-)-trans-verbenol, caught significantly more P. orientalis beetles ([male]: [female] = 1: 2.7) compared with the unbaited control. Subtraction of (-)-trans-verbenol from the active ternary blend had no significant effect on trap catches. The addition of ([plus or minus])-ipsdienol (at 0.2 mg/day release) to the active ternary or binary blends significantly interrupted their trap catches. Replacing 97\%-(-)-ipsenol with ([plus or minus])-ipsenol in the ternary blend significantly reduced trap catches to a level that was no different from the blank control. Pseudips species were sister to all other Ipini genera in a phylogeny reconstructed with mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I DNA data for 51 Ipini and outgroup species. The results obtained suggest that the two major components, 95\%-(-)-ipsenol and (-)-cis-verbenol (at approximately 4-5 : 1), produced by unmated fed males, are probably the primary aggregation pheromone components for P. orientalis. In light of the phylogeny, the use of terpenoid semiochemicals as pheromones probably occurred early in the evolution of Ipini and these semiochemical blends were subsequently modified in the process of speciation.},
	keywords = {Pseudips orientalis},
	isbn = {1461-9555},
	author = {Zhang, Qing-He and Ma, Jian-Hai and Zhao, Feng-Yu and Song, Li-Wen and Sun, Jiang-Hua and Cognato, Anthony I.}
}
@article {5609,
	title = {Sixty years of discovering scolytine and platypodine diversity: A tribute to Stephen L. Wood},
	journal = {Zookeys},
	volume = {56},
	year = {2010},
	month = {2010},
	pages = {1-280},
	url = {http://pensoftonline.net/zookeys/index.php/journal/issue/view/58},
	author = {Cognato, Anthony I. and Knizek, Milos}
}
@article {5607,
	title = {Resurrection of Dryotomicus Wood and description of two new species from the Amazon River Basin (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae, Phloeotribini)},
	journal = {Zookeys},
	volume = {56},
	year = {2010},
	month = {2010},
	pages = {49-64},
	abstract = {A cladistic analysis based on 20 morphological characters was conducted for 11 species representing two valid and two synonymized Phloeotribini genera. One hundred-eighty most-parsimonious trees were recovered and the Dryotomicus Wood species were monophyletic in a mostly unresolved strict-consensus tree. The unusual antennal morphology, with the length of the first two funicular segments equal to the last three segments and a scape which is twice the length of the funicle, distinguish Dryotomicus from the other Phloeotribini genera. Hence this genus is resurrected because of monophyly and diagnostic characters. Dryotomicus oenophilis sp. n. and D. woodrex sp. n. are described from Guyana and Peru, respectively. In the male specimen of D. oenophilis, the frons has one median and two large lateral carinae and in the male specimen of D. woodrex, the frons has three smaller median tubercles arranged transversely. Phloeotribus puberulus Chapuis and P. tuberculatus (Eggers) were monophyletic with the new Dryotomicus species and thus are transferred to this genus. Keys to the Phloeotribini genera and Dryotomicus species are given.},
	keywords = {Dryotomicus, Phloeotribini},
	url = {http://pensoftonline.net/zookeys/index.php/journal/issue/view/58},
	author = {Cognato, Anthony I. and Smith, Sarah M.}
}
@article {5159,
	title = {Two newly detected bark and ambrosia beetles from southern Florida (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae)},
	journal = {Zootaxa},
	volume = {2338},
	year = {2010},
	month = {19 Jan},
	pages = {63-68},
	abstract = {Coptoborus pseudotenuis (Schedl) and Cryptocarenus diadematus Eggers, two species of Neotropical Scolytinae, are reported from Florida and the U.S. for the first time. This is the first report of the genus Coptoborus from the U.S. We provide descriptions, figures, distribution maps and keys.},
	keywords = {Coptoborus pseudotenuis, Cryptocarenus diadematus},
	isbn = {1175-5326},
	url = {http://www.mapress.com/zootaxa},
	author = {Atkinson, Thomas H. and Rabaglia, Robert J. and Cognato, Anthony I.}
}
@article {5106,
	title = {Three new genera of oriental Xyleborina (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae)},
	journal = {Zootaxa},
	volume = {2204},
	year = {2009},
	month = {20 Aug},
	pages = {19-36},
	abstract = {We describe three new genera (Ambrosiophilus gen. n., Beaverium gen. n., and Diuncus gen. n.) and diagnose 26 species of ambrosia-feeding scolytines, almost all from the Palaeotropical region. These taxa are ecologically interesting because of their intimate relationship with other xyleborine species. Recognition of these genera is an initial step towards a revision of the large polyphyletic genus, Xyleborus.},
	keywords = {Ambrosiophilus, Beaverium, Diuncus},
	isbn = {1175-5326},
	url = {http://www.mapress.com/zootaxa},
	author = {Hulcr, Jiri and Cognato, Anthony I.}
}
